High-Density of Mango
High density mango plantation is a method of growing mango trees where more trees are planted per acre than in traditional methods. The aim is to increase yield and make better use of available land. The number of trees planted per acre can vary, but it typically ranges from 400 to 600 trees per acre. Ultra-high density plantation takes this a step further by planting even more trees per acre, up to 1500 trees per acre.
Step-by-Step Guide to High-Density Mango Plantations in Pakistan
The first step in high-density mango plantation is to choose the right variety of mango. Some mango varieties are better suited to high-density planting than others. Next, the land needs to be prepared by removing any weeds or other vegetation. Once the land is cleared, pits are dug and filled with a mixture of soil, manure, and fertilizers.
The second step is to plant the mango trees. The trees should be planted in a square pattern, with a distance of 5- 10 feet between each tree. This allows for more trees to be planted per acre. The trees are then trained and pruned to ensure that they grow in the desired shape and direction.
Choose the Mango Variety:
Select the type of mango variety you want to cultivate according to your area. The common varieties include Alphonso, Sindhri, and Chaunsa. Consider factors such as yield, taste, and market demand when selecting the variety.
Land Preparation:
Choose a suitable location for your mango orchard that has well-drained soil, good sunlight, and access to water. Clear the land of any debris, rocks, or weeds and till the soil to loosen it up. Make sure the land is leveled and free of any obstructions.The pH of the soil should be between 6.0 and 7.5.
Planting:
Mango trees can be grown from seeds or grafted saplings. In addition, the climate should be warm and humid, with temperatures ranging from 25 to 35 degrees Celsius. Plant the saplings in rows, leaving enough space between each tree for proper growth and maintenance. The distance between trees depends on the mango variety and the planting method used. For traditional planting, the distance is usually 25-30 feet, while for high-density planting, it can be as close as 5-8feet.
Irrigation:
Mango trees require regular watering, especially during the dry season. Ensure that the soil is moist but not waterlogged, as this can lead to root rot. Use drip irrigation or sprinklers to water the trees, and make sure the water reaches the roots.
Fertilization:
Mango trees require regular fertilization to promote healthy growth and fruit production. Use a balanced fertilizer with a mix of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Apply fertilizers every 3-4 months or as recommended by a soil analysis. Use organic fertilizers in dormant season
Pruning:
Mango trees require regular pruning to maintain their shape and promote healthy growth. Prune the trees during the dormant season to remove dead, diseased, or crossing branches .Generally in Pakistan pruning is done after fruit harvesting. Pruning also helps to increase fruit production and improve the quality of fruit.
Mango trees are susceptible to various pests and diseases, such as mango hopper, fruit fly, and anthracnose. Use organic or chemical methods to control pests and diseases. Monitor the trees regularly for any signs of infestation or infection.
Harvesting:
Mangoes are typically harvested when they are mature but not fully ripe. The timing of the harvest depends on the mango variety and the intended use of the fruit. Harvest the fruit by hand or using special tools, such as a picking pole or a fruit harvester.
Post-Harvest Management:
After harvesting, sort the mangoes based on their size and quality. Store them in a cool, dry place to prevent spoilage and rotting. Mangoes can be sold fresh or processed into products such as juice, jam, or dried fruit.
Conclusion
In conclusion, mango farming can be a profitable and rewarding venture if done correctly. Follow the steps outlined in this guide to ensure a successful harvest and maximize your profits. Always seek advice from experts and conduct regular soil tests to ensure optimal growth and yield.
Syed Aleem Taqi MSc Hort UAF
Horticulturist
